This isn't about how clean your home is
Knowing where to look isn't about tidiness, bed bugs seek out tight, dark seams regardless of how a room is kept.
Around the bed
The mattress seam and piping, the box spring, and the joints of the bed frame are checked first, since that's where activity is most concentrated. The headboard, especially if it's upholstered or attaches to the wall, is next, the gap behind it is a common hiding spot.
Nearby furniture
Nightstands, dressers, and any upholstered chair within a few feet of the bed get checked next, drawer joints and the underside of cushions in particular. The closer a piece of furniture is to the bed, the more worth checking it is.
Baseboards & walls
Loose baseboard trim, outlet covers, and any wall-mounted picture frames near the bed can hide activity, especially in older construction with more gaps and seams to begin with. This is where an inspection in an older home tends to take a bit longer than in newer construction.
Beyond the bedroom
If activity is established, it can extend to nearby rooms, along hallways, or, in a multi-unit building, into adjoining units through shared walls. A thorough inspection accounts for this rather than stopping at the bedroom door if the situation calls for it.
Common questions
Do they only stay near the bed?
Usually activity concentrates there, especially early on, but it can spread further if not addressed.
Can they hide in a couch that isn't near a bed?
Yes, any upholstered furniture with seams and folds is a possible hiding spot, regardless of location in the home.
Do they hide in clothing in a closet?
Less commonly than bedding and furniture, but it's possible, especially with clothing left on the floor near an affected area.
Should I check myself before calling?
A quick look is fine, but a professional inspection covers spots that are easy to miss on your own.